Beneficial Ownership Information (BOI) Reporting is a new rule issued by the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN) requiring business owners to provide personal identifying information.
BOI Reporting requirements stem from the Corporate Transparency Act (CTA), part of the Anti-Money Laundering Act of 2020. While this Legislation has been around for a few years, FinCEN, a bureau within the U.S Treasury Department, recently issued a final rule that takes effect on January 1, 2024.
The Beneficial Ownership rule applies to two types of businesses:
- Domestic reporting companies – These are corporations, limited liability companies (LLCs), and entities created by filing with a secretary of state of similar office under the law of a state or Indian tribe.
- Foreign reporting companies – These are corporations, LLCs, and other entities formed under the law of a foreign country’s law that are registered to do business in any U.S. state or Tribal jurisdiction.
A Beneficial Owner (BO):
- Directly or indirectly exercises “substantial control” over a company or
- Directly or indirectly owns or controls 25% or more of a company’s ownership interests.
A person can be a beneficial owner when they have significant influence over the activities and decisions of the entity, even if they don’t own a substantial portion of the company’s stock or hold a formal title such as, but not limited to, CEO or President. A Beneficial Owner could be found beyond the normal scope of ownership, potentially extending to certain family members.
Companies created or registered to do business before January 1, 2024, will have until January 1, 2025, to file their initial BOI report. Companies created or registered after January 1, 2024, have 90 days to file a BOI report. That 90-day window starts when the company receives notice from the secretary of state or another office that its creation or registration is effective.